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Activism in the National Football League
On September 24, 2017, during a primetime London Game, players and coaches from the Baltimore Ravens and Jacksonville Jaguars took a knee or stood arm-in-arm during the American national anthem as a protest against police brutality. After 49ers…
Tags: Direct Action, Media, Nonviolence, Protest
Baltimore Colts and Westminster
In 1963, CORE began targeting counties excepted from Maryland’s Public Accommodations Law, including Carroll County. Prior attempts to integrate restaurants in Carroll County were met with intimidation by police and citizens as well as anti-protest…
Tags: CORE, Media, NFL Activism
Baltimore Polytechnic “A” School Integration
Baltimore Polytechnic Institute’s “A Course” curriculum, a college preparatory program in engineering, was unique in the city’s public school system. Only white boys could be accepted into the program. On June 16, 1952, the Coordinated Committee on…
Tags: Direct Action, Education, Legal Action, NAACP
Baltimore Uprising
On April 12, 2015, the Baltimore police arrested Freddie Gray in West Baltimore for having an “illegal knife.” The police dragged Gray to a police van and placed him unsecured in the van in leg restraints. During transport, Gray suffered serious…
Tags: Direct Action, Protest
Fighting for Equal Funding for Maryland’s HBCUs
In 2006, alumni and students from Maryland’s four Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs)—Morgan State, Coppin State, Bowie State, and University of Maryland Eastern Shore—sued Maryland, accusing the state of underfunding Maryland’s…
Tags: Legal Action
Ford’s Theater Protest, 1947
In 1947, the Baltimore chapter of the NAACP, supported by students, began a picketing campaign against Ford’s Theater and its segregated seating policies. Many national and international stars, including Paul Robeson, joined the protest. The…
Glen Echo Park Integration
On June 30, 1960, students from Howard University’s Nonviolent Action Group (NAG) held a sit-in at the Glen Echo Park. Five of the picketers were arrested, and NAG, with the support of residents from the Bannockburn neighborhood around the park,…
Tags: Direct Action, NAG, Nonviolence, Protest
Gwynn Oak Park, 1955
In 1955, after first trying to persuade the owners to integrate, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) began an eight-year picketing campaign against Gwynn Oak Park in Baltimore County. On July 4, 1963, hundreds of people, including religious…
Tags: CORE, Direct Action, Nonviolence, Protest
Hooper’s Sit-In and Bell v. Maryland
On June 17, 1960, students from Dunbar High School, many part of the Civic Interest Group, staged one of Baltimore’s earliest sit-ins at Hooper’s Restaurant. The students persisted despite the owner turning off the lights and air conditioning on…
Tags: CIG, Direct Action, Legal Action
Integration of the University of Maryland Law School
In 1935, Donald Gaines Murray Sr. (1914-1986) was recruited by the NAACP to apply to the University of Maryland Law School, knowing he would be rejected based on his race. Following the rejection, Murray and the NAACP sued the University of Maryland,…
Tags: Legal Action, NAACP